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Ethernet Switches

Ethernet Switches Tutorial

■ What is an Ethernet Switch?

An Ethernet switch is a device used to connect

multiple PCs, Servers, Laptops or other Ethernet

IP enabled devices such as IP cameras to a Local

Area Network (LAN). Most switches feature

10/100 Mega bit per second RJ45 ports although

many newer switch designs now offer

10/100/1000 triple speed ports that provide up to

1 Gigabit per second access. The switch uses a

MAC address table to keep track of where PCs,

servers or other connected devices are located.

Each device has a unique MAC (Media Access

Control) address “burned” into the hardware.

For example; if a PC on port one needs to “talk”

to a file server, the switch will look at its MAC

address table and determine which port the file

server is located on and send the PCs data to that

port. This relieves network congestion. The older

Hub technology used a shared communication

method where all requests were sent to all ports

of the hub causing latency.

■ How is an Ethernet Switch used?

Ethernet switches typically utilize RJ45 ports for

UTP or STP connectivity to PCs, Servers,

Routers etc. Many switches also feature high

speed uplink ports where modules can be

purchased to connect fiber optic or UTP cabling

supporting speeds of 1 Gigabit per second or

more. Cables are used to plug into the ports on

the switch and then into the Ethernet device (PC,

router etc.) on the other end.

■ Where are Ethernet Switches used?

Ethernet switches are utilized everywhere from

Small Office/Home Office (SOHO)

environments to major ISPs (Internet Service

Providers) to military installations. Ethernet

switches are used for both industrial and

commercial applications.

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2009 Master Catalog 1.0

What is Ethernet?

In the early 1980s, Digital Equipment Corporation, Intel, and Xerox developed the Ethernet Local Area

Networking format. This technology was soon accepted by the IEEE Committee, creating the 802.3 standard.

This standard dictates the use of CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection) as its

accessing scheme. Local Area Networks (LANs) use a variety of NICs (Network Interface Cards), hubs,

transceivers, converters, repeaters & switches, as well as different types of transmission media (copper and

fiber) for carrying signals.

The diagram below shows a typical Ethernet Switch application

Accessing Scheme: CSMA/CD - Carrier sense multiple access with Collision Detection.

Speed: 10 Mbps/100 Mbps/1000 Mbps (1 Gbps).

Network Architecture: Bus, Star, Ring, Hybrid

WAN

(Internet)

In the diagram above you can see that Ethernet switches are used for sharing resources such as printers,

networked file servers and router connection to the Internet or Wide Area Network (WAN).

Managed and Unmanaged

Unmanaged Ethernet switches, typically referred to as “plug and play”, are easy to install but do not provide port level statics, management and control that are often required in larger networks where

many switches are installed. Managed switches typically feature an SNMP agent that allows port level control and statistics such as collisions, packets in, packet out etc. Some Managed switches also feature

filters where only certain device, PCs etc are allow to communicate on a certain port of the switch. By using managed switches a network administrator can see if a port may be malfunctioning and sending

bad packet onto the network and shut that port off so the whole network does not go down.

Industrial Ethernet Switches

There is a class of Ethernet Switches referred to as Industrial Ethernet switches which are designed to work in harsh environments where extreme temperatures, vibration, dust and moisture are present.

These Industrial rated switches generally have no moving parts such as fans and utilize components that are designed for extreme temperatures etc. In very moist environments or areas where

condensation is present a conformal coating is sometimes used to cover the entire PCB to protect the components. Typical installations for Industrial Ethernet switches include manufacturing facilities,

mining, oil production, power plants, waste water treatment plants and any other application where environmental extremes exist.

10BASE-T

100BASE-T

1000BASE-T

RJ45 JACK

10BASE-FL

100BASE-FX

1000BASE-X

Dual Fiber SC

PLUG

100FX

1000BASE-X

Dual Fiber LC

PLUG

Connectors Commonly Used in Ethernet Environments

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www.L-com.com/Resources

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Shop at L-com.com or call 1-800-343-1455 • E-mail: [email protected] • Fax: 978-689-9484

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Inhaltsverzeichnis

Seite 1 - Ethernet Switches

Ethernet Switches Ethernet Switches Tutorial What is an Ethernet Switch? An Ethernet switch is a device used to connect multiple PCs, Servers,

Seite 2 - Why Layer 1 Switching?

2009 Master Catalog 1.0 211Shop at L-com.com or call 1-800-343-1455 • E-mail: [email protected] • Fax: 978-689-9484Item # Description List PriceSec

Seite 3 - RoHS status information

212 2009 Master Catalog 1.0Shop at L-com.com or call 1-800-343-1455 • E-mail: [email protected] • Fax: 978-689-9484Ethernet Switches > Planet Ethern

Seite 4 - > Ethernet Switches

2009 Master Catalog 1.0 213Shop at L-com.com or call 1-800-343-1455 • E-mail: [email protected] • Fax: 978-689-9484Hirschmann Industrial Ethernet Switc

Seite 5 - L-com.com • 1-800-343-1455

214 2009 Master Catalog 1.0Ethernet Switches > Hirschmann Industrial Ethernet EquipmentItem # Description List PriceHirschmann 100Mbps 24 VDC

Seite 6 - How auto-negotiation works

2009 Master Catalog 1.0 215Shop at L-com.com or call 1-800-343-1455 • E-mail: [email protected] • Fax: 978-689-9484Unicom Ethernet Switches > Ethern

Seite 7 - Free technical support

216 2009 Master Catalog 1.0Ethernet Switches > Linksys Ethernet Switches / Korenix Industrial NetworkingItem # Description List PriceLinksys E

Seite 8 - L-com.com/Resources

2009 Master Catalog 1.0 217Shop at L-com.com or call 1-800-343-1455 • E-mail: [email protected] • Fax: 978-689-9484PoE Injectors and Network Interface